Gæti augað hafa þróast?

Eitt af dæmunum af slæmum áhrifum þróunarkenningarinnar á vísindi er sagan af því hvernig augað á að hafa þróast.  Dilbert í rauninni segir allt sem segja þarf en samt ætla ég að bæta smá við. 

Michael Behe var með stutta lýsingu á því hvað er í gangi í augum til þess að við sjáum eitthvað:

Michael Behe - Darwins Black Box
To Darwin vision was a black box, but today, after the hard, cumulative work of many biochemists, we are approaching answers to the question of sight. Here is a brief overview of the biochemistry of vision. When light first strikes the retina, a photon interacts with a molecule called 11-cis-retinal, which rearranges within picoseconds to trans-retinal. The change in the shape of retinal forces a change in the shape of the protein, rhodopsin, to which the retinal is tightly bound. The protein's metamorphosis alters its behavior, making it stick to another protein called transducin. Before bumping into activated rhodopsin, transducin had tightly bound a small molecule called GDP. But when transducin interacts with activated rhodopsin, the GDP falls off and a molecule called GTP binds to transducin. (GTP is closely related to, but critically different from, GDP.)

GTP-transducin-activated rhodopsin now binds to a protein called phosphodiesterase, located in the inner membrane of the cell. When attached to activated rhodopsin and its entourage, the phosphodiesterase acquires the ability to chemically cut a molecule called cGMP (a chemical relative of both GDP and GTP). Initially there are a lot of cGMP molecules in the cell, but the phosphodiesterase lowers its concentration, like a pulled plug lowers the water level in a bathtub.

Another membrane protein that binds cGMP is called an ion channel. It acts as a gateway that regulates the number of sodium ions in the cell. Normally the ion channel allows sodium ions to flow into the cell, while a separate protein actively pumps them out again. The dual action of the ion channel and pump keeps the level of sodium ions in the cell within a narrow range. When the amount of cGMP is reduced because of cleavage by the phosphodiesterase, the ion channel closes, causing the cellular concentration of positively charged sodium ions to be reduced. This causes an imbalance of charge across the cell membrane which, finally, causes a current to be transmitted down the optic nerve to the brain. The result, when interpreted by the brain, is vision.

Það sem þarf að útskýra er bæði það tæki sem nemur ljós, síðan tæki sem flytur ljósið og síðan svæði í heilanum sem tekur á móti þessum merkjum og skilur hvað þau þýða. Dawkins hefur líka verið að nota gölluð rök fyrir því að augað hefði þróast að það væri illa hannað en í dag er búið að afskrifa þessi rök Dawkins, vanþekking síns tíma sem þróunarsinnar víðsvegar stukku á í þeirri von að þarna væri eitthvað til að styrkja trú þeirra.

Hérna er stutt myndband varðandi þessa umræðu um þróun augans, sjá: http://www.godtube.com/watch/?v=777K6WNX#alertbar